Comfort studies of rail passengers.

Nicol, J. F., Dore, C., Weiner, J. S., Lee, D. E., Prestidge, S. P., and Andrews, M. J. (1973). British Journal ofIndustrial Medicine, 30, 325-334. Comfort studies of rail passengers. A short series of trials is described inwhich a specimen car of the new High Density Rolling Stock was laden with passengers at different densities and under different environmental constraints, designed to simulate 'shut-down' conditions. The results suggest that the limit for comfort, 21 80C corrected effective temperature (CET), proposed by Bell and Watts (1971) is reasonable but that temperatures some 3 or 4°C higher can be tolerated without undue discomfort. The physiological limit for safety recommended by Bell and Watts is a CET of 30 6°C. This will be reached in less than 20 minutes if there is a power failure in warm conditions in crowded trains. An undesirable, possibly dangerous, level of discomfort will be experienced by passengers in ventilated but crowded trains after 30 minutes. In any case it is recommended that the globe temperature in a carriage should not exceed 300C.